Vector Image

Vector Image is:
  • a computer image that uses a Wire Frame or Outlines to define a shapes area
  • made up of mathematical descriptions of paths and fills to define the graphic
  • is drawn in shapes, points, curves, polygon/s and lines called paths
  • tend to have a small electronic file size (KB or MB)
  • can be enlarged and there is no loss of image quality
  • not good at handling images that have textures such as Photos
  • can change the color of individual objects without worrying about individual pixels
  • not appropriate for use in producing realistic-looking photos and images

Multimedia


Multimedia is:
  • the use of computers or electronic device to present text, graphics, video, animation and sound in an integrated way
  • combinations made possible through the advancement of technology
  • can be accessed through computers or electronic devices and integrates the various forms together
  • usually recorded and played, displayed or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices
  • media and content that uses a combination of different content forms

Image Editor


Image Editor is:
  • software that allows images to be edited and also converted to different graphics formats
  • provides a variety of special features for altering images
  • specialized for modifying bit-mapped images such as GIFs, JPEGs and BMPs (eg. scanned photographs)
  • enable you to create and superimpose layers
  • cropping and resizing the image and using "filters" to adjust brightness, contrast and colors

HTML Editor

HTML Editor is:
  • stands for HyperText Markup Language which is used to develop web pages
  • an authoring tool and a software program that insert HTML code as user create HTML file
  • code editors offer add different colors to different HTML tags that can help in identification
  • WYSIWYG HTML editors provide an editing interface which resembles how the page will be displayed in a web browser

Desktop Publishing Program


Desktop Publishing Program is:
  • also known as DTP
  • a computer tool for both graphic and non-graphic materials combine together to produce documents like newsletters, books and brochures
  • allows user to use different typefaces, specify various margins and justifications, and embed illustrations and graphs directly into the text
  • enable user to create own illustration or insert illustrations created by other program
  • enable user to see on the display screen exactly how the document will appear when printed using the feature called WYSIWYG(What You See Is What You Get)

Bitmap Image

Bitmap Image is:
  • a type of graphic composed of pixels (picture element) in a grid
  • each pixel or "bit" contains color information for the image
  • has a fixed resolution which means that resizing a bitmap graphic can result in distortion and jagged edges
  • does not need to contain a bit of color-coded information for each pixel on every row
  • Some common bitmap formats are GIF, JPG or JPEG,TIFF, PNG, PICT, PCX and BMP

Audio Editing Software

Audio Editing Software is:
  • to create and record unique voice and music mix files
  • to edit recordings including cut and paste options and the ability to edit tag or media information
  • to record favorite podcasts, internet radio stations and other types of streaming audio. 
  • pull audio from a video or audio file, CDs, DVDs or sound card
  • to convert file formats (eg. from a MIDI to an MP3, WMA, WAV or OGG file)
  • can restore the sound of aged LPs or damaged audio recordings
  • to filter out background noises, static or other unwanted noise

Web Authoring

Web Authoring is:


  • a category of software that enables the user to develop a web site in a desktop publishing format
  • required HTML coding for the layout of the Web pages that the user designs
  • can be toggle back and forth between the graphical design and the HTML code
  • make changes to the Web page in either the design of the accompanying code
  • allows Web pages to be visually created like a desktop publishing program

Utility Suites

Utility Suites is:


  • a collection of different tools all packaged into one easy to use tool that optimize you computer
  • to help analyze, configure, optimize and maintain the computer
  • more appealing when Windows included fewer safety and maintenance features
  • examples, history cleaner, temp file cleaner, registry cleaner, Internet usage tracks cleaner, anit-virus

DBMS

DBMS is:


  • stands for DataBase Management System
  • a standard method of cataloging, retrieving, and running queries on data
  • controls the organization, storage, retrieval, security and integrity of data in a database
  • accept requests from the application
  • instructs the operating system to transfer the appropriate data
  • allows information system be change more easily as the user's requirements change such as store, modify and extract information from a database
  • examples of DBMS are MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft Access

Spreadsheet

Spreadsheet is:
  • a computer application that acts as a paper or accounting worksheet
  • allows users to create and manipulate data and values
  • display multiple cells in two-dimentional and three-dimentional matrix or grid consisting of rows and columns
  • enable users to produce charts and graphs from the data
  • commonly used for financial information
  • ables to re-calculate the entire sheet automatically
  • examples of spreadsheet applications are Lotus 1-2-3 and Microsoft Excel

Word Processor

Word Processor is:
  • also known as document preparation system
  • a text editor that allows users to change the font features 
  • text manipulation functions that extend beyond a basic ability to enter
  • a spell checker that check the words you typed against the word list
  • a grammar checker that checks for what seem to be simple grammar errors
  • thesaurus that finds words with similar or opposite meanings
  • to allows users to delete text, cut or copy and paste sections of text

Graphical User Guide (GUI)

Graphical User Interface(GUI) is:
  • a type of user interface that allows users to communicate with electronic devices using images or icons
  • a icon that represent commands, files or windows
  • a pointer that appears on the screen that users use to move around to select objects or cammand
  • a pointing device such as the mouse or trackball that allows users to select object on the screen
  • to make computer operation more intuitive and easier for the users
  • to provide users with immediate, visual feedback about the effect of each action

Basic And Specialized Application Software

  • Graphical User Interface (GUI)
  • Word Processor
  • Spreadsheet
  • DBMS
  • Utility
  • Web Authoring
  • Audio Editing Software
  • Bitmap Image
  • Desktop Publishing Program
  • HTML Editor
  • Image Editor
  • Multimedia
  • Vector Image

Internet Security Suite

Internet Security Suite is:-
  • a suite of utilities for maintaining the security of a Windows PC
  • includes more than a dozen utilities(eg.antivirus,personal firewall,spam blocker,popup blocker and ect)

Filter

Filter is:-
  • a program that accepts a certain type of data as input,transform it in some manner,and then outputs the transformed data
  • a pattern which all data are compared and only matching data are "passed through"
  • a device that selectively sorts signals and passes through a desired range of signals while suppressing the others in telecommunications
  • a particular effect that can be applied to an image or part of an image in photoshop and other graphic applications

Plug-In

Plug-In is:-
  • a set of software components that adds specific abilities to a larger software application
  • to enable third party developers to create abilities which extend an application
  • to support easily adding new features
  • to reduce the size of an application
  • to separate source code from an application because of incompatible software licenses
  • commonly used in web browser to play videos,scan for viruses,display new file types and ect
  • examples of plug-ins:Adobe Flash Player,Quick Time,Eye Candy and ect

FTP(Image)

FTP stands for "File Transfer Protocol".


FTP is:-
  • a simple network protocol based on Internet Protocol
  • a method which can be used by IP security cameras to transfer images from the camera to storage
  • allows servers to be located anywhere
  • allows servers to transfer files between two computers on the Internet
  • can be used for storing images at home

Wikis

Wiki means "fast" in Hawaiian.


Wiki is:-
  • a website that allows the easy creation of interlinked web pages or a web browser using simplified markup language
  • a website that allows collaborative editing of its content and structure by its users
  • the simplest online database that could possibly work
  • invites all users to edit any page or to create new pages within the wiki Web site
  • promotes meaningful topic associations between different pages by making page link creation almost intuitively easy and showing whether an intended target page exists or not
  • allows for non-linear, evolving, complex and networked text, argument and interaction

Blogs

Blog is a blend of the term "web log".


Blog is:-
  • a type of website
  • maintained by an individual with regular entries
  • personal online diaries
  • contains text,images,links to other blogs,Web pages,and other media related topics
  • able readers to leave comments in an interactive format
  • a place to share personal experiences and hobbies

Applets

Applets are:-
  • program designed to be executed from within another application
  • cannot be executed directly from the operating system
  • small in files size and cross-platform compatible
  • highly secure (can't be used to access users' hard drives)
  • ideal for small Internet applications accessible from a browser
  • small program that can be sent along with a Web page to a user
  • can perform simple tasks without having to send a user request back to the server(eg.interactive animations,immediate calculations)

JavaScript

JavaScript is:-
  • a popular scripting language that is widely supported in Web browsers and other Web tools
  • maintained as source code embedded into an HTML page 
  • used to display a data entry form and validate the input
  • used to tie Java applets together
  • based on the Java syntax
  • cannot be used to create stand-alone programs
  • to validate form input, create image rollovers, and to open those annoying pop-up windows

HTML

HTML stands for "HyperText Markup Language".


HTML is:-
  • the markup language for web pages
  • the basic building-blocks of web pages
  • written in the form of HTML elements(eg. forming the building blocks of all website)
  • allows images and objects to be embedded
  • used to create interactive forms

URL

URL stands for "Uniform Resource Locator".


URL is:-
  • the address of a specific Web site or file on the Internet
  • it cannot have spaces or certain other characters
  • uses forward slashes to denote different directories
  • can be classified as Uniform Resource Identifier(URI)
  • used to identify a physical IP (Internet Protocol) address on the Internet
  • allow user to easily identify and remember an address on World Wide Web

The Internet,The Web and Electromic Commerce

  • URL
  • HTML
  • Javascript
  • Applets
  • Blogs
  • Wikis
  • FTP(Image)
  • Plug-in
  • Filter
  • Internet Security Suite

Programmer

Programmer may be also known as:
  • Computer programmer 
  • Coder


Duties of a Programmer:
  • Writes computer software.
  • Practices or professes a formal approach to programming.
  • Correct errors by making appropriate changes. 
  • Recheck the program to ensure that the desired results are produced.
  • Write or contribute to instructions or manuals to guide end users.
  • Collaborate with computer manufacturers and other users to develop new programming methods.
  • Assign, coordinate, and review work and activities of programming personnel.

Database Administrator

Database Administrator may be also known as:
  • DBA
  • Database Coordinator
  • Database Programmer


Jobs of a Database Administrator:
  • Establishing the needs of users and monitoring user access and security.
  • Mapping out the conceptual design for a planned database in outline.
  • Refining the logical design so that it can be translated into a specific data model.
  • Further refining the physical design to meet system storage requirements.
  • Installing and testing new versions of the database management system(DBMS)
  • Maintaining data standards, including adherence to the Data Protection Act.
  • Controlling access permissions and privileges.
  • Developing, managing and testing back-up and recovery plans.
  • Capacity planning.
  • Working closely with IT project managers, database programmers and web
    developers.

System Analyst

Jobs of a System Analyst:
  • Translate client requirements into highly specified project briefs.
  • Drawing up specific proposals for modified or replacement systems.
  • Produce project feasibility reports.
  • Present proposals to clients.
  • Ensuring that budgets are adhered to and deadlines met.
  • Drawing up a testing schedule for the complete system.
  • Oversee the implementation of a new system.
  • Plan and work flexibly to a deadline.
  • Write user manuals.
  • Provide training to users of a new system.
  • Keeping up to date with technical and industry sector developments.


An system analysts must keep up to date with current data processing methods, programming languages, and machines.

Network Administrator

Network Administrator may be also known as:

  • Network admin

Duties of Network Administrator:
  • Administration and maintenance of company’s internal systems.
  • Firewall administration and overall responsibility for company IT security.
  • Administration of email servers for company-wide email.
  • Provide telephone and desktop support to internal users.
  • Forecasting any needed improvements, budgeting for and implementing any changes.
  • Upgrades, installs and troubleshoots networks, networking hardware devices and software.
  • Maintains inventory of equipment and parts as well as documentation of vendor activities.
  • Develops and documents system standards for computer and network devices.

The smaller the network, the more duties a network administrator handles. For large networks, several individuals may perform different tasks related to the network.

Software Engineer

Jobs of a Software Engineer:
  • Researching, designing and writing new software programs.
  • Testing new programs and fault finding.
  • Evaluating the software and systems that make computers and hardware work.
  • Investigating new technologies.
  • Creating technical specifications and test plans.
  • Working with computer coding languages.
  • Analysts, and sales and marketing professionals.
  • Manuals and accessing new applications.

The work undertaken by software engineers is generally of a highly complex and technical nature, and involves the application of computer science and mathematics in an environment which is constantly evolving as a result of technological advances.

Technical Writer

Technical Writer also may be known as:
  • Technical communicator


Duties of a Technical Writer:
  • Designs, creates, and maintains technical documentation(eg.online help,user guides,design specifications,system manuals).
  • Writes technical materials.
  • Scientific pieces in words as simple as possible for average people to understand.
  • Simplifies jargons that lay people may not understand.
  • Break down complex procedures.
  • Writes operation manuals, instruction guides and safety procedure booklets.
  • Maintain records and files of work and revisions.
  • Organize material and complete writing assignment.
  • Edit,standardize,or make changes to material prepared by other writers or establishment personnel.
  • Select photographs, drawings, sketches, diagrams, and charts to illustrate material.
  • Arrange for typing, duplication, and distribution of material.
  • Assist in laying out material for publication.
  • Draw sketches to illustrate specified materials or assembly sequence.



Technical writers must be able to write articles and reports that explain scientific and technical ideas in simple language.In addition to all that has been mentioned, one could also take on the chances of being a freelance technical writer or a part time writer. One would be surprised at the many things he/she gets to learn each day as a technical writer.

Computer Support Specialist

Computer Support Specialist also may be known as:
  • Help-desk technicians
  • Technical support specialists

Job of a Computer Support Specialist:
  • Help people with computer problems
  • Provide technical assistance to customers
  • Identify and solve customers' hardware and software problems
  • Provide support to people in the information processing department of a company
  • Teach people how to use computer tools,software or hardware(Some write instruction books too)
  • Oversee the daily performance of computer systems
  • Maintain record of daily data communication transactions, problems and remedial action taken
  • Set up equipment for employee use
  • Performing or ensuring proper installation of cable
  • Modify and customize commercial programs for internal needs
  • Prepare evaluations of software or hardware, and recommend improvements or upgrades

Many support specialists answer questions over the phone or by e-mail. Others also help people face-to-face. To answer a problem over the phone, the specialist takes the person through the necessary steps to fix the problem using their own computer.They also may be asked by the maker of the software for feedback on good or bad things about the product, since they work with it daily.

Webmaster

Webmaster may be also known as:
  • Web architect
  • Web developer
  • Site author
  • Webside administrator/webmistress


Duties of a webmaster:
  • Maintaining a Web site(maybe one or more)
  • Writing HTML for Web pages
  • Organizing the Web site's structure
  • Responding to e-mails about the Web site(eg.reading and replying to user comments)
  • Keeping the site up-to-date
  • Hardware and software are operating accurately
  • Designing the website
  • Generating and revising web pages
  • Creates and manages the information content (words and pictures)
  • Manages the computer server 
  • Technical programming aspects of a Web site(Ensuring that the web servers)


At times, being a webmaster can be a rather arduous job.As you see,they have tones of work waiting for them and some of them have to do all the work by itself.Webmasters also heavily deal with high volumes of email, often related to important web or computer-related questions.

Careers In IT

  • Webmaster
  • Computer Support Specialist
  • Technical Writer
  • Software Engineer
  • Network Administrator
  • Database Administrator
  • System Analyst
  • Programmer
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